What is Autism?

There seems to be a lot of confusion as to whatsituations. As a result, they remain tied to using
autism and autism spectrum disorders actually are.solutions they already know, and have limited
It's understandable, because persons on theability to deal with new or changing situations.
autism spectrum can be so individually different.Decision-making and judgment abilites that most
Some cannot talk. Some talk early. Some areof us take for granted, such deciding which way
highly intelligent, others have some degree ofto go to the store today, interpreting and
mental retardation. Some have extreme sensoryunderstanding the actions of other people, or
issues and some don't. Some have motor planningeven figuring out how near or far to walk next to
problems, and some are very athletic. And the listsomeone often cause confusion and fear in a
goes on. So with all of these differences betweenperson with an autism spectrum disorder.
individuals, what do these people have inAs a result, the world often seems chaotic and
common?scary to individuals on the spectrum, and other
Regardless of diagnosis - Asperger's Syndrome,people seem to act in abrupt and unexpected
PDD, PDD-NOS, Autism or any other autismways that are just impossible for them to
spectrum disorder, what all persons with autismunderstand.
spectrum disorders seem to have in common isTo try to control some of this chaos and keep
their core deficit.things predictable, autistic individuals tend to rely
Autism spectrum disorders arise from aheavily on formulas and repetitive sequences to
neurological condition; a weakened area thatget through their day.
seems to be located somewhere along theThese sequences and formulas rely on a different
pathway that runs from the prefrontal cortex topart of the brain that usually functions quite well in
the hippocampus of the brain. No one yet knowspersons on the autism spectrum. It's the area of
definitively what causes this condition. All individualsthe brain that runs our "red = stop, green = go",
on the autism spectrum have this weakened"2+2=4" type thinking - very formulaic, very
pathway, which results in the following corepredictable , and very absolute thought.
deficits:Unfortunately, this area of the brain is unable to
Deficits in: comparative thought and interpretation,compare, interpret, adapt, or see possiblities.
flexibility and adaptability to change, creativeOf course when faced with new or changing
thought, decision-making, judgment, and memorysituations, when most formulas won't work,
of past positive feelings about events.persons on the spectrum often fall apart, out of
In typical individuals, this pathway creates afear of the unknown. Most of the tantrums,
hierarchy of comparison, and interpretsescape, or aggressive behaviors that we see at
everything we see, hear, do and feel. It comparesthese times are usually "fight or flight" responses,
one thing to another, compares past to presentmotivated out of fear, not from being stubborn,
situations, compares how we felt before to now,manipulative or "bad".
separates important from the unimportant, andOne of the reasons Relationship Development
then uses all of that information to judgeIntervention is effective is because it addresses
situations and come up with with unique solutions.this pathway directly, by using different activities
Typical people spend most of the day using thisto exercise and strengthen it, much like what we
part of their brain effortlessly, sailing throughdo for other persons with weak or damaged brain
thousands of little moment-to-moment decisionspathways, such as persons with stroke or head
with ease. But for a person on the autisminjury, etc.
spectrum, all of those tiny moment to momentFeel free to reprint this article in its entirety in
decisions can be quite difficult and often scary.your ezine or on your site so long as you leave all
Because of the weakened brain pathway,links in place, do not modify the content, and
individuals on the autism spectrum have a limitedinclude our resource box.
ability to compare, interpret and solve new