Children and Adolescents with Autism - Characteristics and Research

Autism is also called autistic disorder. Theimmune system, or geneticso Although recent
disorder:o Appears in early childhood, usuallyscientific investigations examined the possible
before age 3o Prevents children and adolescentsconnection between autism and the measles,
from interacting normally with other peopleomumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, the available
Affects almost every aspect of their social anddata to date does not appear to support a casual
psychological developmentlinko Studies of families and twins suggest a
Autism characteristics range in intensity from mildgenetic basis for the disorder
to severe. Not every child behaves the sameIf scientists find the genes responsible for autism,
with the same diagnosis. Signs of autism in childrenthe knowledge would give physicians new tools to
and adolescents are typically:o Difficultydiagnose the disorder and help scientists develop
communicating with otherso Exhibits repetitiousgene-based therapies.
behaviors, such as rocking back and forth, headSome studies reveal that the brains of people
banging, or touching or twirling objectso Have awith autism may function differently from those
limited range of interests and activitieso Maythat are considered "normal." There is research
become upset by small changes in environmentthat suggests an abnormal slowing down of brain
and daily routinedevelopment before birth may cause autism.
In addition, some children may experienceChemicals in the brain also may play a role in
hypersensitivity in:o Hearingo Toucho Smello Tasteautism:o As a normal brain develops, the level of
Symptoms of autism can be seen in early infancy.serotonin declineso In some children with autism,
The condition may also appear after months ofserotonin levels do not declineo Researchers
normal development. It is not possible in mostcontinue to investigate whether this happens only
cases to identify a specific event that triggers theto children with autism or whether other factors
disorder.are involved
Autism or a related condition is:o Three timesSource: SAMHSA's National Mental Health
more common in boys than in girlso Diagnosed inInformation Center
as many as 12 in every 10,000 childrenDisclaimer: The information in this article is not
Causes of autism:o Researchers are unsure whatintended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any
causes this disordero Studies suggest autismdisease. All health concerns should be addressed
might be caused by a combination of biological orby a qualified health care professional.
environmental factors, or both, including viralThis article is FREE to publish with the resource
exposure before birth, a problem with thebox.