| Is your autistic or ADHD child on a gluten free | | | | and therefore no meta-analysis was possible. Data |
| diet? | | | | are presented in narrative form. MAIN RESULTS: |
| Gluten free diets are very popular among | | | | Two small RCTs were identified (n = 35). No |
| alternative treatments to Autism Spectrum | | | | meta-analysis was possible. There were only |
| Disorder. The Autism Syndrome includes disorders | | | | three significant treatment effects in favor of the |
| such as ADHD, Aspergers, Turret’s, and | | | | diet intervention: overall autistic traits, mean |
| Autism. The concept is that an inflammatory | | | | difference (MD) = -5.60 (95% CI -9.02 to -2.18), z |
| response to gluten is causing or contribution to | | | | = 3.21, p=0.001 (Knivsberg 2002) ; social isolation, |
| the child’s Autism Spectrum Disorder | | | | MD = -3.20 (95% CI -5.20 to 1.20), z = 3.14, p = |
| symptoms. Anecdotally we all know of children | | | | 0.002) and overall ability to communicate and |
| that have improved on the gluten free diet. | | | | interact, MD = 1.70 (95% CI 0.50 to 2.90), z = |
| However some have and some have not. The | | | | 2.77, p = 0.006) (Knivsberg 2003). In addition |
| scientific literature does not support these diets. | | | | three outcomes showed no significant difference |
| Here is a 2008 review of the diet. | | | | between the treatment and control group and we |
| BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that | | | | were unable to calculate mean differences for ten |
| peptides from gluten and casein may have a role | | | | outcomes because the data were skewed. No |
| in the origins of autism and that the physiology | | | | outcomes were reported for disbenefits including |
| and psychology of autism might be explained by | | | | harms. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Research has |
| excessive opioid activity linked to these peptides. | | | | shown of high rates of use of complementary |
| Research has reported abnormal levels of | | | | and alternative therapies (CAM) for children with |
| peptides in the urine and cerebrospinal fluid of | | | | autism including gluten and/or casein exclusion |
| people with autism. OBJECTIVES: To determine | | | | diets. Current evidence for efficacy of these diets |
| the efficacy of gluten and/or casein free diets as | | | | is poor. Large scale, good quality randomized |
| an intervention to improve behaviors, cognitive | | | | controlled trials are needed. PMID: 18425890 |
| and social functioning in individuals with autism. | | | | [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] The answer to |
| SEARCH STRATEGY: The following electronic | | | | why the diet helps some and not others is simple |
| databases were searched: CENTRAL(The | | | | but may not be obvious to someone with an |
| Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2007), MEDLINE (1966 | | | | emotional stake in the situation. Simply, some |
| to April 2007), PsycINFO (1971 to April 2007), | | | | children have an inflammatory issue and others do |
| EMBASE (1974 to April 2007), CINAHL (1982 to | | | | not. Thankfully there are simple tests which can |
| April 2007), ERIC (1965 to 2007), LILACS (1982 | | | | be performed to see if gluten is an issue for your |
| to April 2007), and the National Research register | | | | child. There is a test for antigliadin antibodies |
| 2007 (Issue1). Review bibliographies were also | | | | (gliadin form of gluten). The child can also be |
| examined to identify potential trials. SELECTION | | | | tested for the HLA-DQ gene which is associated |
| CRITERIA: All randomized controlled trials (RCT) | | | | with gluten sensitivity. These are usually simple |
| involving programs which eliminated gluten, casein | | | | blood test. Lets be specific with these |
| or both gluten and casein from the diets of | | | | multifactoral Autism Spectrum Disorders. This will |
| individuals diagnosed with an autistic spectrum | | | | increase our chance for success and not put our |
| disorder. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: | | | | children and possible there siblings (if you put |
| Abstracts of studies identified in searches of | | | | everyone on the diet so little Johnnie doesn’t |
| electronic databases were assessed to determine | | | | feel different) through any unnecessary stress |
| inclusion by two independent authors the included | | | | and lets direct our effects in a more specific and |
| trials did not share common outcome measures | | | | hopefully effective manner. |